The Parisian club has now claimed the prestigious cup on fourteen different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a successful penalty shootout to overcome their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The European champions appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable win in the match between the French league winners and the Coupe de France holders after the French winger opened the scoring early on.
However, Marseille fired two times late to take a surprise advantage. First, the English forward converted from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking twist of events, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial leveler in the final seconds to force the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the hero, saving decisive attempts from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and the young talent all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing penalty victory.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now lifted this competition for the 12th time in the past 13 years.